Whence the English names of countries

Some exonyms:

• India (Hindustan). Same origin: Sanskrit síndhu (“river”), as in Indus River.
• Japan (Nihon). Same origin, the English comes via Chinese and Malay.
• China (Zhongguo). Via Sanskrit possibly from Qin, the westernmost ancient Chinese state.
• Korea (Hanguk). From Goryeo, a Korean kingdom from 918-1392.
• Germany (Deutschland). From Latin name Germānī used for tribes east of the Rhine.
• Finland (Suomi). From Old Norse word for Finland, Finnland.
• Greece (Hellas). Via Latin from Graecus, a son of either Zeus or someone named Thessalus.
• Hungary (Magyarország). Via Latin from Turkish name Onoğurs (“ten tribes”) used for Turkic tribes to the north of Turkey (not where Hungary is).